Third Dimension Logistics is a trusted provider of LTL (Less Than Truck Load) services. LTL freight shipping is a cost-effective way to transport goods that do not require more than half the capacity of a full truck. To ensure accurate pricing, efficiency, and compliance, it is essential to know your NMFC code and freight class when choosing this shipping option.
Understanding NMFC Codes and Freight Classes
The National Motor Freight Traffic Association (NMFTA) assigns NMFC codes to different types of freight based on their characteristics. These codes determine the freight class, which ranges from 50 to 500. A lower freight class typically means denser, easier-to-handle, and less expensive freight, while a higher class applies to lighter, more fragile, or difficult-to-transport items.
How to Select an NMFC Code
To determine the correct NMFC code for your shipment, follow these steps:
1. Identify Your Product
Find the exact description of your product. NMFC codes are product-specific, so generalizing can lead to misclassification. Consider:
- Material composition
- Intended use
- Packaging type (palletized, boxed, bagged, etc.)
2. Use an NMFC Classification Guide
The NMFTA maintains an official NMFC database, which lists thousands of commodities along with their respective codes.
- If you have access to the NMFC guide, search for your product by name or category.
- If you do not have access, your freight agent can help identify the correct NMFC code.
3. Check for Subclassifications
Some products have multiple NMFC subclasses based on density. If this applies, you will need to calculate the density (see below) to determine the correct subclass.
4. Verify with Your Agent
Even if you find an NMFC code, confirming it with your agent is a good practice, as some carriers may have additional rules or preferred classifications.
How to Classify LTL Freight
Once you have determined the NMFC code, you must classify your freight based on four key factors:
1. Density (Weight & Volume)
Density is a major factor in classification. To calculate:
- Measure length, width, and height in inches.
- Multiply the dimensions to get the total cubic inches.
- Divide by 1,728 (the number of cubic inches in a cubic foot) to get cubic feet.
- Divide the total weight (lbs.) by cubic feet to determine pounds per cubic foot (PCF).
| Density (PCF) | Freight Class |
|---|---|
| 50+ | 50 |
| 35 – 50 | 55 |
| 30 – 35 | 60 |
| 22.5 – 30 | 65 |
| 15 – 22.5 | 70 |
| 13.5 – 15 | 77.5 |
| 12 – 13.5 | 85 |
| 10.5 – 12 | 92.5 |
| 9 – 10.5 | 100 |
| 8 – 9 | 125 |
| 7 – 8 | 150 |
| 6 – 7 | 175 |
| 5 – 6 | 200 |
| 4 – 5 | 250 |
| 3 – 4 | 300 |
| 2 – 3 | 400 |
| Less than 2 | 500 |
Higher density items (like steel pipes) fall into lower classes (Class 50-70), while lower density items (like pillows) are classified higher (Class 200-500).
2. Stowability
Freight that is stackable, uniform, and non-hazardous has lower classifications. Items that are oddly shaped, heavy, or require special storage may be assigned a higher class.
3. Handling
Freight that needs special handling due to fragility, hazardous properties, or unique packaging increases the freight class. Irregular-sized shipments also require special handling and may be more expensive.
4. Liability
Shipments with high value, perishable nature, or risk of damage/theft fall into a higher freight class. Items like electronics, liquids, or fragile goods have higher classifications.
Why Correct Classification Matters
Accurate NMFC classification ensures:
✅ Correct Shipping Rates – Misclassification can lead to costly reclassifications and additional charges.
✅ Efficient Handling – Ensures the freight is handled correctly to prevent damage.
✅ Regulatory Compliance – Helps carriers adhere to safety and transport regulations.
Third Dimension Logistics provides you a complete LTL solution with a customized platform. If you are in need of assistance with finding your NMFC code and classifying your freight, speak with a THIRD DIMENSION LOGISTICS SPECIALIST TODAY!!!